The third horseman symbolizes limited famine and economic hardship. The rider holds in his hand a pair of scales, a common symbol of famine or food rationing.5 John hears a voice saying, “A quart of wheat for a day’s wages, and three quarts of barley for a day’s wages.” A quart of grain was considered a day’s ration and a denarius a day’s wage. Barley was cheaper than wheat and was the food of the poor. Oil and wine were also considered staples. The voice continues “and do not damage the oil and
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